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基于Ruby on Rails的论坛实现（新手指南）

上一篇 / 下一篇 2008-10-12 21:07:37 / 个人分类：Ruby

用Rails实现一个简单的论坛系统，大致的架构为：站点拥有多个Forum，每个Forum有多个Topic，而每个Topic又有多个Reply。原文链接：http://railsonedge.blogspot.com/2008/02/rails-forum-tutorial-for-beginners-part.html。

我下载的是目前最新的Rails版本2.1，数据库使用的是Sql Server 2000，应用程序所在目录为F:\Ruby\railsdoc\myforum。首先快速地依照以下步骤创建Forum类（上一篇日志《Ruby on Rails 实践读书笔记二》中有详解）：

执行rails myforum生成完整的目录结构；
执行ruby script/generate scaffold Forum name:string description:text创建相关的数据库移植文件及model、controller、views文件；
修改database.yml文件中的相关数据库配置信息；
在Sql Server中新建名为myforum的数据库，并执行rake db:migrate创建forums表。
修改environment.rb文件使页面能正常显示中文。

这样Forum页面就完成了，启动服务器后在浏览器键入http://127.0.0.1:3000/forums便能进行CRUD操作了。

删除/public/index.html，修改/config/routes.rb，使得http://localhost:3000直接指向Forum列表：

map.root :controller => 'forums', :action => 'index'

执行以下命令创建Topic和Reply的相关文件及数据库表：

ruby script/generate scaffold Topic forum:references user:references subject:string body:text
ruby script/generate scaffold Reply topic:references user:references subject:string body:text
rake db:migrate

表Forum

表Topic

表Reply

修改/config/routes.rb：

……
map.resources :forums, :has_many => :topics
map.resources :topics, :has_many => :replies
map.resources :replies
……

修改/app/models/forum.rb：

class Forum < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :topics
has_many :replies, :through => :topics
end

修改/app/models/topic.rb：

class Topic < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :forum
belongs_to :user
has_many :replies
end

修改/app/models/reply.rb：

class Reply < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :topic
belongs_to :user
end

修改/app/controllers/topics_controller.rb：

class TopicsController < ApplicationController

before_filter :load_forum

def load_forum
@forum = Forum.find(params[:forum_id])
end

# GET /topics
# GET /topics.xml
def index
@topics = @forum.topics # Before: @topics = Topic.find(:all)

    respond_to do |format|
      format.html # index.html.erb
      format.xml { render :xml => @topics }
    end
end

# GET /topics/1
# GET /topics/1.xml
def show
@topic = @forum.topics.find(params[:id]) # Before: @topic = Topic.find(params[:id])

    respond_to do |format|
      format.html # show.html.erb
      format.xml { render :xml => @topic }
    end
end

# GET /topics/new
# GET /topics/new.xml
def new
@topic = @forum.topics.build # Before: @topic = Topic.new

    respond_to do |format|
      format.html # new.html.erb
      format.xml { render :xml => @topic }
    end
end

# GET /topics/1/edit
def edit
@topic = @forum.topics.find(params[:id]) # Before: @topic = Topic.find(params[:id])
end

# POST /topics
# POST /topics.xml
def create
@topic = @forum.topics.build(params[:topic]) # Before: @topic = Topic.new(params[:topic])

    respond_to do |format|
      if @topic.save
        flash[:notice] = 'Topic was successfully created.'
       format.html { redirect_to(@forum) } # Before: format.html { redirect_to(@topic) }
        format.xml { render :xml => @topic, :status => :created, :location => @topic }
      else
        format.html { render :action => "new" }
        format.xml { render :xml => @topic.errors, :status => :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
end

# PUT /topics/1
# PUT /topics/1.xml
def update
@topic = @forum.topics.find(params[:id]) # Before: @topic = Topic.find(params[:id])

    respond_to do |format|
      if @topic.update_attributes(params[:topic])
        flash[:notice] = 'Topic was successfully updated.'
       format.html { redirect_to(@forum) } # Before: format.html { redirect_to(@topic) }
        format.xml { head :ok }
      else
        format.html { render :action => "edit" }
        format.xml { render :xml => @topic.errors, :status => :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
end

# DELETE /topics/1
# DELETE /topics/1.xml
def destroy
@topic = @forum.topics.find(params[:id]) # Before: @topic = Topic.find(params[:id])
@topic.destroy

    respond_to do |format|
     format.html { redirect_to(forum_topics_url(@forum)) } # Before: format.html { redirect_to(topics_url) }
      format.xml { head :ok }
    end
end
end

基于Ruby on Rails的论坛实现（新手指南）

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